Sino-Korean numerals - 일, 이, 삼, ...
Native Korean numerals - 하나, 둘, 셋, ...
The Sino-Korean numerals ar used for dates, minutes and costs.
The native Korean numerals ar used for tally, age and hours.
Sino-Korean Numerals [Dates, Minutes and Prices]
The key to memorizing the pronunciations of the Sino-Korean numerals is to be told from 1(일) to 10(십), and use these 10 numbers as building blocks to be told the remainder of the numbers. Here may be a list of the primary 10 numbers:
1 = 일
2 = 이
3 = 삼
4 = 사
5 = 오
6 = 육
7 = 칠
8 = 팔
9 = 구
10 = 십
From eleven to nineteen, what you wish to try to to is say 10(십) 1st and say the ones' variety.
For example,
eleven = ten + one → 십 + 일 = 십일
twelve = ten + two → 십 + 이 = 십이
thirteen = ten + three → 십 + 삼 = 십삼
seventeen = ten + seven → 십 + 칠 = 십칠
nineteen = ten + nine → 십 + 구 = 십구
From twenty and onward, it works within the same manner. however additionally, 20, 30, ..., ninety are pronounced within the following way:
twenty = 이 + 십 = 이십 (Lit. two-ten)
thirty = 삼 + 십 = 삼십 (Lit. three-ten)
fifty = 오 + 십 = 오십
eighty = 팔 + 십 = 팔십
ninety = 구 + 십 = 구십
Additionally,
twenty one = 이십 + 일 = 이십일 (Lit. two-ten one)
twenty two = 이십 + 이 = 이십이
thirty two = 삼십 + 이 = 삼십이
forty five = 사십 + 오 = 사십오
fifty seven = 오십 + 칠 = 오십칠
eighty nine = 팔십 + 구 = 팔십구
100 is 백, and two hundred is 이백 which accurately suggests that 'two-hundred.' Then however does one say three hundred as a Sino-Korean numeral? affirmative, it's 삼백 (Lit. three-hundred)
100 = 백
101 = 백일
105 = 백오
127 = 백이십칠
200 = 이백
219 = 이백십구
324 = 삼백이십사
508 = 오백팔
731 = 칠백삼십일
945 = 구백사십오
1000 is 천, then 2000 is? affirmative, it's 이천. Then however does one say 3283 in a very Sino-Korean way? It's 삼천이백팔심삼. [Lit. three-thousand two-hundred eight-ten three]
1000 = 천
1001 = 천일
1035 = 천삼십오
2427 = 이천사백이십칠
8492 = 팔천사백구십이
What is 10000? It's 만. it's not 십천 (or ten-thousand). 20000 is 이만, 30000 is 삼만 then on.
10000 = 만
10002 = 만이
10034 = 만삼십사
20673 = 이만육백칠십삼
84832 = 팔만사천팔백삼십이
Now one hundred thousand is 십만 and 200000 is 이십만. At this time, it'd assist you perceive the naming system of those variety if you think that them in terms of their number of zeros. Here is what I mean:
10000 is 만
10,0000 is 십만
100,0000 is 백만
1000,0000 is 천만
1,0000,0000 is 억 (NOT 만만)
10,0000,0000 is 십억
100,0000,0000 is 백억
1000,0000,0000 is 천억
1,0000,0000,0000 is 조
You can see that numbers get a brand new name each time they get further four zeros. this is often totally different to English wherever the name of numbers amendment when each further three zeros. as an example, 'thousand', 'million' and 'billion'.
However, once we write numbers, we tend to follow the international normal in this the comma is placed when each threes. The examples on top of wherever the comma is placed when each four zeros ar for the aim of easier understanding solely. Therefore:
만 = 10,000
십만 = 100,000 (NOT ten,0000)
백만 = 1,000,000 (NOT a hundred,0000)
Let's revise what we've learned above:
11 = 십일
12 = 십이
13 = 십삼
20 = 이십
25 = 이십오
30 = 삼십
40 = 사십
50 = 오십
56 = 오십육
70 = 칠십
80 = 팔십
100 = 백
101 = 백일
107 = 백칠
120 = 백이십
150 = 백오십
200 = 이백
202 = 이백이
537 = 오백삼십칠 [500 +30 + seven → 오백 + 삼십 + 칠 = 오백삼십칠]
1000 = 천
2000 = 이천
2500 = 이천오백
10000 = 만
10500 = 만오백 [10000 + five hundred → 만 + 오백 = 만오백]
53847 = 오만삼천팔백사십칠 [50000 + 3000 + 800 + forty + seven → 오만 + 삼천 + 팔백 + 사십 + 칠 = 오만삼천팔백사십칠]
The following ar the samples of however the Sino-Korean numerals are used for dates, minutes and costs.
[Dates]
The order during which the date is written is reversed in Korean. every day of the week comes 1st, then a month and so a year. [a year = 년, a month = 월, every day of the week = 일]
Notice however the Sino-Korean numerals are employed in saying dates.
twenty eight Gregorian calendar month 2010 → 2010년 1월 28일 = 이천십년 일월 이십팔일
17/10/2011 → 2011/10/17 = 2011년 10월 17일 =이천십일년 시월 십칠일
Note: 10월 isn't 십월, however rather 시월. This exception is thanks to the awkwardness of saying 십월, that is kind of cumbersome to pronounce. so 10월 is 시월 for the pronunciation's sake.
[Minutes]
The Sino-Korean numerals also are used for 'minutes' however not for 'hours'. The native Korean numerals that are used for saying the quantity of 'hours' ar explained below within the second section of this post.
[an hour, o'clock = 시, a minute(s) = 분, am = 오전, pm = 오후]
9:38 am → 오전 9시 38분 = 오전 아홉시 삼십팔분
6:19 pm → 오후 6시 19분 = 오후 여섯시 십구분
[Prices]
The Korean currency is termed 'won.' Its image is '₩', and it's pronounced 원.
₩12,800 → 12,800원 = 만이천팔백원
₩39,130 → 39,130원 = 삼만구천백삼십원
Native Korean numerals [Counting, Age and Hours]
The basic enumeration system of the native Korean numerals is that the same as that of the Sino-Korean numerals. However, additionally to at least one to 10, there's a requirement to be told the special pronunciations of tens, i.e. 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 and 90.
From 100, the pronunciation is that the same because the Sino-Korean numerals we've checked out on top of. [hundred (100) = 백, thousand (1000) = 천, 10 thousand (10000) = 만]
1 = 하나
2 = 둘
3 = 셋
4 = 넷
5 = 다섯
6 = 여섯
7 = 일곱
8 = 여덟
9 = 아홉
10 = 열
11 = 열 하나
12 = 열 둘
13 = 열 셋
17 = 열 일곱
20 = 스물
21 = 스물 하나
22 = 스물 둘
23 = 스물 셋
30 = 서른
40 = 마흔
50 = 쉰
55 = 쉰 다섯
60 = 예순
70 = 일흔
seventy five = 일흔 다섯 [70 + five → 일흔 + 다섯 = 일흔다섯]
80 = 여든
90 = 아흔
100 = 백
189 = 백 여든 아홉 [100 + eighty + nine → 백 + 여든 + 아홉 = 백여든아홉]
Below ar the samples of however the native Korean numerals ar employed in tally, age and hours.
[Counting]
The native Korean numerals are used for tally, e.g. the quantity of individuals in a very category, the quantity of cars in a very parking area, the numbers of apples on associate fruit tree, the numbers of pencils or pens on a table, etc.
1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ... = 하나, 둘, 셋, 넷, 다섯, ...
When tally, we tend to use distinctive symbol words known as counters. every quite object (or person for that matter) has their own counter to tell apart them from other forms. This counter system may be a bit just like the system found in English, i.e. three cups of juice, five glasses of water. However, the Korean tally system extends to each object.
For example,
3 cups of juice = 주스 세컵
5 glasses of water = 물 다섯잔
six folks = 여섯명 (사람)
5 cars = 차 다섯대
3 apples = 사과 세개
2 pencils = 연필 두자루
four books = 책 네권
10 roses = 장미 열송이
Listed below ar a number of the foremost common counters employed in tally.
명 = people
마리 = animals
대 = cars
개 = objects (this is extremely wide used for any inanimate objects)
자루 = long, lean objects
그루 = trees
송이 = flowers
켤레 = shoes
장 = paper
권 = books
살 = age
층 = floor [The Sino-Korean numerals are used for tally the quantity of floors, i.e. the primary floor = 일층, the second floor = 이층, and also the eighth floor = 팔층]
Please additionally note that 하나 becomes 한, and also the final consonant of every of 둘, 셋, 넷 and 스물 is omitted after they are hooked up to counters. as an example,
(물) 한잔 = a glass of water (NOT 하나잔)
(종이) 두장 = 2 items of paper (NOT 둘장)
(신발) 세켤레 = 3 pairs of shoes (NOT 셋켤레)
(사람) 네명 = four folks (NOT 넷명)
(나이) 스무살 = twenty (years of age) (NOT 스물살)
The counters add an analogous thanks to a number of the counter words in English, e.g. 장 is analogous to 'pieces' and 켤레 is analogous to 'pairs'.
[Age]
As we've checked out on top of, the counter, 살, is hooked up to years archaic. For example:
1 = 한살
2 = 두살
3 = 세살
4 = 네살
5 = 다섯살
7 = 일곱살
10 = 열살
11 = 열한살
12 = 열두살
13 = 열세살
17 = 열일곱살
20 = 스무살
24 = 스물 네살
32 = 서른 두살
58 = 쉰 여덟살
[Hours]
The native Korean numerals also are used for 'hours' however not for 'minutes' that use the Sino-Korean numerals.
10:25 am → 오전 10시 25분 = 오전 열시 이십오분
7:30 pm → 오후 7시 30분 = 오후 일곱시 삼십분 or 오후 일곱시 반 (반 suggests that 'a half')
[Months]
한달 = one month
두달 = two months
세달 = three months
네달 = four months
다섯달 = five months
여섯달 = vi months
일곱달 = seven months
여덞달 = eight months
아홉달 = nine months
열달 = ten months
Example sentence
2달 동안 학교를 다니고 2주동안 방학을 했다 = I visited faculty for two months and had a break(holidays) for two weeks.
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